OV-2640: ESP32 Digital Camera

How it works:

Digital cameras work by detecting light intensity and frequency over a 2D grid. A lens focuses light from a single point, which creates an inverted image when these values are registered on the sensor grid. The image captured is then re-inverted to correct for this when converted to pixels on a screen. You now have a digital photograph. This is the pinhole camera model, and it forms the basic theory for of nearly all modern photography and computer vision applications.

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Modern cameras lenses can have their focal length changed to create a clear image for objects at different distances.

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Sources:

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https://components101.com/modules/esp32-cam-camera-module⁠

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345691540/figure/fig1/AS:956402239549440@1605035471474/Geometric-representation-of-the-pinhole-camera-model.jpg⁠

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https://image3.slideserve.com/6906131/pinhole-vs-lens-l.jpg⁠

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https://lhoangan.github.io/camera-params/⁠

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